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The IRS has revised the Special
Tax Notice that must be given to all participants of qualified retirement plans
and Section 403(b) arrangement at the time benefits are distributed. The revised
Special Tax Notice follows:
SAFE HARBOR EXPLANATION FOR PLANS
QUALIFIED UNDER SECTION 401(a), SECTION 403(a) ANNUITY PLANS, OR SECTION 403(b)
TAX SHELTERED ANNUITIES
SPECIAL TAX NOTICE
REGARDING PLAN PAYMENTS
This notice explains how you
can continue to defer federal income tax on your retirement savings in the
[INSERT NAME OF PLAN] (the "Plan") and contains important information
you will need before you decide how to receive your Plan benefits.
This notice is provided to you by
[INSERT NAME OF THE PLAN ADMINISTRATOR OR, IN THE CASE OF A §403(b)
TAX-SHELTERED ANNUITY, THE PAYOR] (your "Plan Administrator") because
all or part of the payment that you will soon receive from the Plan may be
eligible for rollover by you or your Plan Administrator to a traditional IRA or
an eligible employer plan. A rollover is a payment by you or the Plan
Administrator of all or part of your benefit to another plan or IRA that allows
you to continue to postpone taxation of that benefit until it is paid to you.
Your payment cannot be rolled over to a Roth IRA, a SIMPLE IRA, or a Coverdell
Education Savings Account (formerly known as an education IRA). An
"eligible employer plan" includes a plan qualified under section
401(a) of the Internal Revenue Code, including a 401(k) plan, profit-sharing
plan, defined benefit plan, stock bonus plan, and money purchase plan; a section
403(a) annuity plan; a section 403(b) tax-sheltered annuity; and an eligible
section 457(b) plan maintained by a governmental employer (governmental 457
plan).
An eligible employer plan is not
legally required to accept a rollover. Before you decide to roll over your
payment to another employer plan, you should find out whether the plan accepts
rollovers and, if so, the types of distributions it accepts as a rollover. You
should also find out about any documents that are required to be completed
before the receiving plan will accept a rollover. Even if a plan accepts
rollovers, it might not accept rollovers of certain types of distributions, such
as after-tax amounts. If this is the case, and your distribution includes
after-tax amounts, you may wish instead to roll your distribution over to a
traditional IRA or split your rollover amount between the employer plan in which
you will participate and a traditional IRA. If an employer plan accepts your
rollover, the plan may restrict subsequent distributions of the rollover amount
or may require your spouse’s consent for any subsequent distribution. A
subsequent distribution from the plan that accepts your rollover may also be
subject to different tax treatment than distributions from this Plan. Check with
the administrator of the plan that is to receive your rollover prior to making
the rollover.
If you have additional questions
after reading this notice, you can contact your plan administrator at [INSERT
PHONE NUMBER OR OTHER CONTACT INFORMATION].
SUMMARY
There are two ways you may be
able to receive a Plan payment that is eligible for rollover:
(1) Certain payments can be
made directly to a traditional IRA that you establish or to an eligible
employer plan that will accept it and hold it for your benefit ("DIRECT
ROLLOVER"); or
(2) The payment can be PAID
TO YOU.
If you choose a DIRECT ROLLOVER:
Your payment will not be
taxed in the current year and no income tax will be withheld.
You choose whether your
payment will be made directly to your traditional IRA or to an eligible
employer plan that accepts your rollover. Your payment cannot be rolled over
to a Roth IRA, a SIMPLE IRA, or a Coverdell Education Savings Account
because these are not traditional IRAs.
The taxable portion of your
payment will be taxed later when you take it out of the traditional IRA or
the eligible employer plan. Depending on the type of plan, the later
distribution may be subject to a different tax treatment than it would be if
you received a taxable distribution from this Plan.
If you choose to have a Plan
payment that is eligible for rollover PAID TO YOU:
You will receive only 80% of
the taxable amount of the payment, because the Plan Administrator is
required to withhold 20% of that amount and send it to the IRS as income tax
withholding to be credited against your taxes.
The taxable amount of your
payment will be taxed in the current year unless you roll it over. Under
limited circumstances, you may be able to use special tax rules that could
reduce the tax you owe. However, if you receive the payment before age 59
1/2, you may have to pay an additional 10% tax.
You can roll over all or part
of the payment by paying it to your traditional IRA or to an eligible
employer plan that accepts your rollover within 60 days after you receive
the payment. The amount rolled over will not be taxed until you take it out
of the traditional IRA or the eligible employer plan.
If you want to roll over 100%
of the payment to a traditional IRA or an eligible employer plan, you
must find other money to replace the 20% of the taxable portion that was
withheld. If you roll over only the 80% that you received, you will be
taxed on the 20% that was withheld and that is not rolled over.
Your Right to Waive the 30-Day
Notice Period. Generally, neither a direct rollover nor a payment can be
made from the plan until at least 30 days after your receipt of this notice.
Thus, after receiving this notice, you have at least 30 days to consider whether
or not to have your withdrawal directly rolled over. If you do not wish to wait
until this 30-day notice period ends before your election is processed, you may
waive the notice period by making an affirmative election indicating whether or
not you wish to make a direct rollover. Your withdrawal will then be processed
in accordance with your election as soon as practical after it is received by
the Plan Administrator.
MORE INFORMATION
I. PAYMENTS
THAT CAN AND CANNOT BE ROLLED OVER
II. DIRECT
ROLLOVER
III. PAYMENT
PAID TO YOU
IV. SURVIVING
SPOUSES, ALTERNATE PAYEES, AND OTHER BENEFICIARIES
I. PAYMENTS
THAT CAN AND CANNOT BE ROLLED OVER
Payments from the Plan may be
"eligible rollover distributions." This means that they can be rolled
over to a traditional IRA or to an eligible employer plan that accepts
rollovers. Payments from a plan cannot be rolled over to a Roth IRA, a SIMPLE
IRA, or a Coverdell Education Savings Account. Your Plan administrator should be
able to tell you what portion of your payment is an eligible rollover
distribution.
After-tax Contributions.
If you made after-tax contributions to the Plan, these contributions may be
rolled into either a traditional IRA or to certain employer plans that accept
rollovers of the after-tax contributions. The following rules apply:
a) Rollover into a
Traditional IRA. You can roll over your after-tax contributions to a
traditional IRA either directly or indirectly. Your plan administrator
should be able to tell you how much of your payment is the taxable portion
and how much is the after-tax portion.
If you roll over after-tax
contributions to a traditional IRA, it is your responsibility to keep track
of, and report to the Service on the applicable forms, the amount of these
after-tax contributions. This will enable the nontaxable amount of any
future distributions from the traditional IRA to be determined.
Once you roll over your
after-tax contributions to a traditional IRA, those amounts CANNOT later be
rolled over to an employer plan.
b) Rollover into an Employer
Plan. You can roll over after-tax contributions from an employer plan that
is qualified under Code section 401(a) or a section 403(a) annuity plan to
another such plan using a direct rollover if the other plan provides
separate accounting for amounts rolled over, including separate accounting
for the after-tax employee contributions and earnings on those
contributions. You can also roll over after-tax contributions from a section
403(b) tax-sheltered annuity to another section 403(b) tax-sheltered annuity
using a direct rollover if the other tax-sheltered annuity provides separate
accounting for amounts rolled over, including separate accounting for the
after-tax employee contributions and earnings on those contributions. You
CANNOT roll over after-tax contributions to a governmental 457 plan. If you
want to roll over your after-tax contributions to an employer plan that
accepts these rollovers, you cannot have the after-tax contributions paid to
you first. You must instruct the Plan Administrator of this Plan to make a
direct rollover on your behalf. Also, you cannot first roll over after-tax
contributions to a traditional IRA and then roll over that amount into an
employer plan.
The following types of payments cannot
be rolled over:
Payments Spread over Long
Periods. You cannot roll over a payment if it is part of a series of equal
(or almost equal) payments that are made at least once a year and that will last
for:
your lifetime (or a
period measured by your life expectancy), or
your lifetime and your
beneficiary’s lifetime (or a period measured by your joint life
expectancies), or
a period of 10 years or
more.
Required Minimum Payments.
Beginning when you reach age 70 1/2 or retire, whichever is later, a certain
portion of your payment cannot be rolled over because it is a "required
minimum payment" that must be paid to you. Special rules apply if you own
5% or more of your employer.
Hardship Distributions. A
hardship distribution cannot be rolled over.
ESOP Dividends. Cash
dividends paid to you on employer stock held in an employee stock ownership plan
cannot be rolled over.
Corrective Distributions.
A distribution that is made to correct a failed nondiscrimination test or
because legal limits on certain contributions were exceeded cannot be rolled
over.
Loans Treated as Distributions.
The amount of a plan loan that becomes a taxable deemed distribution because of
a default cannot be rolled over. However, a loan offset amount is eligible for
rollover, as discussed in Part III below. As the Plan Administrator of this Plan
if distribution of your loan qualifies for rollover treatment.
The Plan Administrator of this
Plan should be able to tell you if your payment includes amounts which cannot be
rolled over.
II. DIRECT
ROLLOVER
A DIRECT ROLLOVER is a direct
payment of the amount of your Plan benefits to a traditional IRA or an eligible
employer plan that will accept it. You can choose a DIRECT ROLLOVER of all or
any portion of your payment that is an eligible rollover distribution, as
described in Part I above. You are not taxed on any taxable portion of your
payment for which you choose a DIRECT ROLLOVER until you later take it out of
the traditional IRA or eligible employer plan. In addition, no income tax
withholding is required for any taxable portion of your Plan benefits for which
you choose a DIRECT ROLLOVER. This Plan might not let you choose a DIRECT
ROLLOVER. This plan might not let you choose a DIRECT ROLLOVER if your
distributions for the year are less than $200.
DIRECT ROLLOVER to a
Traditional IRA. You can open a traditional IRA to receive the direct
rollover. If you choose to have your payment made directly to a traditional IRA,
contact an IRA sponsor (usually a financial institution) to find out how to have
your payment made in a direct rollover to a traditional IRA at that institution.
If you are unsure of how to invest your money, you can temporarily establish a
traditional IRA to receive the payment. However, in choosing a traditional IRA,
you may wish to make sure that the traditional IRA you choose will allow you to
move all or a part of your payment to another traditional IRA at a later date,
without penalties or other limitations. See IRA Publication 590, Individual
Retirement Arrangements, for more information on traditional IRAs (including
limits on how often you can roll over between IRAs.
DIRECT ROLLOVER to a Plan.
If you are employed by a new employer that has an eligible employer plan, and
you want a direct rollover to that plan, ask the plan administrator of that plan
whether it will accept your rollover. An eligible employer plan is not legally
required to accept a rollover. Even if your new employer’s plan does not
accept a rollover, you can choose a DIRECT ROLLOVER to a traditional IRA. If the
employer plan accepts your rollover, the plan may provide restrictions on the
circumstances under which you may later receive a distribution of the rollover
amount or may require spousal consent to any subsequent distribution. Check with
the plan administrator of that plan before making a decision.
DIRECT ROLLOVER of a Series of
Payments. If you receive a payment that can be rolled over to a traditional
IRA or an eligible employer plan that will accept it, and it is paid in a series
of payments for less than 10 years, your choice to make or not make a DIRECT
ROLLOVER for a payment will apply to all later payments in the series until you
change your election. You are free to change your election for any later payment
in the series.
Change in Tax Treatment
Resulting from a DIRECT ROLLOVER. The tax treatment of any payment from the
eligible employer plan or traditional IRA receiving your DIRECT ROLLOVER might
be different than if you received your benefit in a taxable distribution
directly from the Plan. For example, if you were born before January 1, 1936,
you might be entitled to ten-year averaging or capital gain treatment, as
explained below. However, if you have your benefit rolled over to a section
403(b) tax-sheltered annuity, a governmental 457 plan, or a traditional IRA in a
DIRECT ROLLOVER, your benefit will not longer be eligible for that special
treatment. See the sections below entitled "Additional 10% Tax if You Are
under Age 59 1/2" and "Special Tax Treatment if You Were Born before
January 1, 1936."
III. PAYMENT
PAID TO YOU
If your payment can be rolled
over (see Part I above) and the payment is made to you in cash, it is subject to
20% federal income tax withholding on the taxable portion (state tax withholding
may also apply). The payment is taxed in the year you receive it unless, within
60 days, you roll it over to a traditional IRA or an eligible employer plan that
accepts rollovers. If you do not roll it over, special tax rules may apply.
Income Tax Withholding:
Mandatory Withholding. If
any portion or your payment can be rolled over under Part I above and you do not
elect to make a DIRECT ROLLOVER, the Plan is required by law to withhold 20% of
the taxable amount. This amount is sent to the IRS as federal income tax
withholding. For example, if you can roll over a taxable payment of $10,000,
only $8,000 will be paid to you because the Plan must withhold $2,000 as income
tax. However, when you prepare your income tax return for the year, unless you
make a rollover within 60 days (see "Sixty-Day Rollover Option"
below), you must report the full $10,000 as a taxable payment from the Plan. You
must report the $2,000 as tax withheld, and it will be credited against any
income tax you owe for the year. There will be no income tax withholding if your
payments for the year are less than $200.
Voluntary Withholding. If
any portion of your payment is taxable but cannot be rolled over under Part I
above, the mandatory withholding rules described above do not apply. In this
case, you may elect not to have withholding apply to that portion. If you do
nothing, 10% will be taken out of this portion of your payment for federal
income tax withholding. To elect out of withholding, ask the Plan Administrator
for the election form and related information.
Sixty-Day Rollover Option.
If you receive a payment that can be rolled over under Part I above, you can
still decide to roll over all or part of it to a traditional IRA or to an
eligible employer plan that accepts rollovers. If you decide to roll over, you
must contribute the amount of the payment you received to a traditional IRA or
eligible employer plan within 60 days after you receive the payment. The
portion of your payment that is rolled over will not be taxed until you take it
out of the traditional IRA or the eligible employer plan.
You can roll over up to 100% of
your payment that can be rolled over under Part I above, including an amount
equal to the 20% of the taxable portion that was withheld. If you choose to roll
over 100%, you must find other money within the 60-day period to contribute to
the traditional IRA or the eligible employer plan, to replace the 20% that was
withheld. On the other hand, if you roll over only the 80% of the taxable
portion that you received, you will be taxed on the 20% that was withheld.
Example:
The taxable portion of your payment that can be rolled over under Part I
above is $10,000, and you choose to have it paid to you. You will receive
$8,000, and $2,000 will be sent to the IRS as income tax withholding. Within
60 days after receiving the $8,000, you may roll over the entire $10,000 to
a traditional IRA or an eligible employer plan. To do this, you roll over
the $8,000 you received from the Plan, and you will have to find $2,000 from
other sources (your savings, a loan, etc.). In this case, the entire $10,000
is not taxed until you take it out of the traditional IRA or an eligible
employer plan. If you roll over the entire $10,000, when you file your
income tax return you may get a refund or part of all of the $2,000
withheld.
If, on the other hand, you
roll over only $8,000, the $2,000 you did not roll over is taxed in the year
it was withheld. When you file your income tax return, you may get a refund
of part of the $2,000 withheld. (However, any refund is likely to be larger
if you roll over the entire $10,000.)
Additional 10% Tax If You Are
under Age 59 1/2. If you receive a payment before you reach age 59 1/2 and
you do not roll it over, then, in addition to the regular income tax, you may
have to pay an extra tax equal to 10% of the taxable portion of the payment. The
additional 10% tax generally does not apply to (1) payments that are paid after
you separate from service with your employer during or after the year you reach
age 55, (2) payments that are paid because you retire due to disability, (3)
payments that are paid as equal (or almost equal) payments over your life or
life expectancy (or your and your beneficiary’s lives or life expectancies),
(4) dividends paid with respect to stock by an employee stock ownership plan
(ESOP) as described in Code section 404(k), (5) payments that are paid directly
to the government to satisfy a federal tax levy, (6) payments that are paid to
an alternate payee under a qualified domestic relations order, or (7) payments
that do not exceed the amount of your deductible medical expenses. See IRS Form
5329 for more information on the additional 10% tax.
The additional 10% tax will not
apply to distributions from a governmental 457 plan, except to the extent the
distribution is attributable to an amount you rolled over to that plan (adjusted
for investment returns) from another type of eligible employer plan or IRA. Any
amount rolled over from a governmental 457 plan to another type of eligible
employer plan or to a traditional IRA will become subject to the additional 10%
tax if it is distributed to you before you reach age 59 1/2, unless one of the
exceptions applies.
Special Tax Treatment If You
Were Born before January 1, 1936. If you receive a payment from a plan
qualified under section 401(a) or a section 403(a) annuity plan that can be
rolled over under Part I and you do not roll it over to a traditional IRA or an
eligible employer plan, the payment will be taxed in the year you receive it.
However, if the payment qualifies as a "lump sum distribution," it may
be eligible for special tax treatment. (See also "Employer Stock or
Securities", below.) A lump sum distribution is a payment, within one year,
of your entire balance under the Plan (and certain other similar plans of the
employer) that is payable to you after you have reached age 59 1/2 or because
you have separated from service with your employer (or, in the case of a
self-employed individual, after you have reached age 59 1/2 or become disabled).
For a payment to be treated as a lump sum distribution, you must have been a
participant in the plan for at least five years before the year in which you
received the distribution. The special tax treatment for lump sum distributions
that may be available to you is described below.
Ten-Year Averaging. If
you receive a lump sum distribution and you were born before January 1,
1936, you can make a one-time election to figure the tax on the payment by
using "10-year averaging" (using 1986 tax rates). Ten-year
averaging often reduces the tax you owe.
Capital Gain Treatment.
If you receive a lump sum distribution and you were born before January 1,
1936, and you were a participant in the Plan before 1974, you may elect to
have the part of your payment that is attributable to your pre-1974
participation in the Plan taxed as long-term capital gain at a rate of 20%.
There are other limits on the
special tax treatment for lump sum distributions. For example, you can generally
elect this special tax treatment only once in your lifetime, and the election
applies to all lump sum distributions that you receive in that same year. You
may not elect this special tax treatment if you rolled amounts into this Plan
from a 403(b) tax-sheltered annuity contract or from an IRA not originally
attributable to a qualified employer plan. If you have previously rolled over a
distribution from this Plan (or certain other similar plans of the employer),
you cannot use this special averaging treatment for later payments from the
Plan. If you roll over your payment to a traditional IRA, governmental 457 plan,
or 403(b) tax-sheltered annuity, you will not be able to use special tax
treatment for later payments from that IRA, plan, or annuity. Also, if you roll
over only a portion of your payment to a traditional IRA, governmental 457 plan,
or 403(b) tax-sheltered annuity, this special tax treatment is not available for
the rest of the payment. See IRS Form 4972 for additional information on lump
sum distributions and how you elect the special tax treatment.
Employer Stock or Securities.
There is a special rule for a payment from the Plan that includes employer stock
(or other employer securities). To use this special rule, 1) the payment must
qualify as a lump sum distribution, as described above, except that you do not
need five years of plan participation, or 2) the employer stock included in the
payment must be attributable to "after-tax" employee contributions, if
any. Under this special rule, you may have the option of not paying tax on the
"net unrealized appreciation" of the stock until you sell the stock.
Not unrealized appreciation generally is the increase in the value of the
employer stock while it was held by the Plan. For example, if employer stock was
contributed to your Plan account when the stock was worth $1,000 but the stock
was worth $1,200 when you received it, you would not have to pay tax on the $200
increase in value until you later sold the stock.
You may instead elect not to have
the special rule apply to the net unrealized appreciation. In this case, your
net unrealized appreciation will be taxed in the year you receive the stock,
unless you roll over the stock. The stock can be rolled over to a traditional
IRA or another eligible employer plan, either in a direct rollover or a rollover
that you make yourself. Generally, you will no longer be able to use the special
rule for net unrealized appreciation if you roll the stock over to a traditional
IRA or another eligible employer plan.
If you receive only employer
stock in a payment that can be rolled over, no amount will be withheld from the
payment. If you receive cash or property other than employer stock, as well as
employer stock, in a payment that can be rolled over, the 20% withholding amount
will be based on the entire taxable amount paid to you (including the value of
the employer stock determined by excluding the net unrealized appreciation).
However, the amount withheld will be limited to the cash or property (excluding
employer stock) paid to you.
If you receive employer stock in
a payment that qualifies as a lump sum distribution, the special tax treatment
for lump sum distributions described above (such as 10-year averaging) also may
apply. See IRS Form 4972 for additional information on these rules.
Repayment of Plan Loans.
If your employment ends and you have an outstanding loan from your Plan, your
employer may reduce (or "offset") your balance in the Plan by the
amount of the loan you have not repaid. The amount of your loan offset is
treated as a distribution to you at the time of the offset and will be taxed
unless you roll over an amount equal to the amount of your loan offset to
another qualified employer plan or a traditional IRA within 60 days of the date
of the offset. If the amount of your loan offset is the only amount you receive
or are treated as having received, no amount will be withheld from it. If you
receive other payments of cash or property from the Plan, the 20% withholding
amount will be based on the entire amount paid to you, including the amount of
the loan offset. The amount withheld will be limited to the amount of other cash
or property paid to you (other than any employer securities). The amount of a
defaulted plan loan that is a taxable deemed distribution cannot be rolled over.
IV. SURVIVING
SPOUSES, ALTERNATE PAYEES, AND OTHER BENEFICIARIES
In general, the rules summarized
above that apply to payments to employees also apply to payments to surviving
spouses of employees and to spouses or former spouses who are "alternate
payees." You are an alternate payee if your interest in the Plan results
from a "qualified domestic relations order," which is an order issued
by a court, usually in connection with a divorce or legal separation.
If you are a surviving spouse or
an alternate payee, you may choose to have a payment that can be rolled over, as
described in Part I above, paid in a DIRECT ROLLOVER to a traditional IRA or to
an eligible employer plan or paid to you. If you have the payment paid to you,
you can keep it or roll it over yourself to a traditional IRA or to an eligible
employer plan. Thus, you have the same choices as the employee.
If you are a beneficiary other
than a surviving spouse or an alternate payee, you cannot choose a direct
rollover, and you cannot roll over the payment yourself.
If you are a surviving spouse, an
alternate payee, or another beneficiary, your payment is generally not subject
to the additional 10% tax described in Part III above, even if you are younger
than age 59 1/2.
If you are a surviving spouse, an
alternate payee, or another beneficiary, you may be able to use the special tax
treatment for lump sum distributions and the special rule for payments that
include employer stock, as described in Part III above. If you receive a payment
because of the employee’s death, you may be able to treat the payment as a
lump sum distribution if the employee met the appropriate age requirements,
whether or not the employee had 5 years of participation in the Plan.
HOW TO OBTAIN ADDITIONAL
INFORMATION
This notice summarizes only the
federal (not state or local) tax rules that might apply to your payment. The
rules described above are complex and contain many conditions and exceptions
that are not included in this notice. Therefore, you may want to consult with
the Plan Administrator or a professional tax advisor before you take a payment
of your benefits from your Plan. Also, you can find more specific information on
the tax treatment of payments from qualified employer plans in IRS Publication
575, Pension and Annuity Income, and IRS Publication 590, Individual
Retirement Arrangements. These publications are available from your local IRS
office, on the IRS’ Internet Web Site or by calling 1-800-TAX-FORMS.
Andrew S. Williams
Aronberg Goldgehn Davis & Garmisa
One IBM Plaza, Suite 3000
Chicago, Illinois 60611
312/755-3145
awilliams@agdglaw.com
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